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Heavy Menstrual Bleeding: Management Tips & Treatment Options

By Dr. Suman Lal in Obstetrics And Gynaecology

Jan 03 , 2025 | 2 min read

Heavy menstrual bleeding, also known as menorrhagia, is a common condition that affects many women during their reproductive years. While flow varies from person to person, menorrhagia is heavy or prolonged bleeding that interferes with daily life. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and management options is key to overall health and well-being. Here’s a complete guide to managing heavy menstrual bleeding.

Heavy Menorrhagia

Menorrhagia can look like:

Soaking through one or more pads an hour for several hours.
Needing to use double protection to manage the flow.
Periods that last more than 7 days.
Passing big blood clots during menstruation.

Common causes are hormonal imbalances, uterine fibroids, polyps, adenomyosis, endometriosis or certain medical conditions like von Willebrand disease. Sometimes, it can also be caused by medication or hormonal contraception.

When to See a doctor?

Occasional heavy periods are not a cause for panic, but chronic heavy bleeding should not be ignored. See a healthcare provider if:

Severe tiredness or anaemia symptoms like shortness of breath and dizziness.
Change in menstrual pattern.
Painful periods with heavy bleeding.
Early intervention can prevent complications and improve life.

Lifestyle Changes to Manage Heavy Bleeding

Dietary Changes

Iron-Rich Foods: Heavy bleeding can lead to iron deficiency anaemia. Eat iron-rich foods like spinach, red meat, lentils and fortified cereals to top up iron levels.
Vitamin C: Boost iron absorption by pairing iron-rich foods with vitamin C, like oranges, strawberries and bell peppers.
Hydration: Hydration helps blood volume and overall health.

Exercise and Stress Management

Exercise can help regulate hormones and circulation.
Stress reduction techniques like yoga and meditation can also stabilise periods.

Track Your Periods

Use apps or a calendar to track your periods. Tracking can give you clues as to what triggers or abnormalities to discuss with your healthcare provider.

Medical Treatment Options

Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): Ibuprofen can reduce bleeding and cramps.
Hormonal Therapies: Birth control pills, patches or intrauterine devices (IUDs) containing progestin can regulate periods and reduce heavy bleeding.
Tranexamic Acid: A prescription medication taken during menstruation to reduce blood loss.

Surgical Options

If medication doesn’t work, surgical options may be considered:

Endometrial Ablation: A procedure to remove the uterine lining to stop or reduce bleeding.
Myomectomy: Removal of fibroids while preserving the uterus.
Hysterectomy: In severe cases, the uterus may need to be removed.

Natural Options

While medical treatments work, some women find relief in natural ways:

Herbal Supplements: Chasteberry and ginger are said to support menstruation. However, consult a doctor before trying supplements as they may interact with medication.
Heat Therapy: Apply a heat pad to the lower tummy to ease discomfort and improve circulation.

Conclusion

Heavy periods are more than just a physical issue; they can disrupt your daily life and emotional well-being. By understanding the causes and trying lifestyle changes, medical treatments and coping mechanisms, you can take control of this. Remember to see a doctor for personalised advice and to address any underlying issues. With the right approach, heavy periods can be managed, and you can get on with living your best life.