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Phimosis

Phimosis Treatment in Delhi, India

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Overview

Phimosis is a condition where the foreskin is too tight to retract back and reveal the glans or the head of the penis. A penis has two essential parts: the shafts and the head (also known as the glans). One continuous layer of skin, known as the foreskin, covers both the shaft and glans of a penis. A tight foreskin is common in male infants who are not circumcised, but it goes away at about 3 to 6 years of age. In adults, phimosis can occur due to some kind of injury or infection.

Phimosis Symptoms

There are some noticeable symptoms that you should look for, including redness, swelling, or more. Phimosis can also lead to other conditions like balanitis (inflammation of penis) or balanoposthitis (inflammation of glans and foreskin). Some of the common symptoms of phimosis may include: 

  • Redness and swelling
  • Soreness, itching
  • Pain while urinating
  • Ballooning or bulging of the foreskin during urination
  • Pain during erection or with sexual activity
  • A buildup of thick fluid

Causes of Phimosis

There are multiple reasons for phimosis. It may be congenital (physiological phimosis) or may occur due to some kind of injection or injury. Here are some reasons for phimosis to develop:

Skin conditions: Certain skin conditions like eczema, psoriasis, lichen planus, balanitis xerotic obliterans (BXO), and more can cause phimosis.

Infections: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are also one of the leading causes of phimosis.

Poor hygiene: if you don't clean your penile region regularly, then it may cause phimosis

Other Causes of Phimosis Include:

  • Injuries
  • Preputial adhesions or scar tissue
  • Foreskin trauma
  • Rough handling of the foreskin
  • Urinary tract infections

Types of Phimosis

Phimosis can be easily classified into two types, including:

Physiological Phimosis 

This type of phimosis is congenital, meaning that a male infant is born with a tight foreskin. This occurs when there are adhesions between the inner layer of the foreskin and glans penis. This makes it difficult for the foreskin to retract. However, the adhesions become weaker in most cases, and the foreskin starts to loosen up. This allows gradual retraction, and the problem is usually resolved around the age of 5-7 years.

Pathological Phimosis

This type of phimosis occurs as a result of infections, inflammation, scarring, injuries, or other underlying medical conditions. It can also occur due to some skin diseases like eczema, lichen planus, etc. Pathological phimosis can occur at any age and may also develop due to poor hygiene of the penile region. Unlike physiological phimosis, pathological phimosis does not resolve on its own and requires proper medical treatment.

Phimosis Diagnosis

The doctor might ask for the person's complete medical history, including previous penis infections or injuries. He / She may also conduct a physical examination and order tests like urine tests to check for conditions. Phimosis is also a risk factor for Type 2 diabetes, so the doctor might also check the blood sugar levels with various tests to rule out this possibility.

Phimosis Treatment

Treatment of phimosis depends on the symptoms. Physiological phimosis does not require any treatment and gets better on its own. However, pathological phimosis does not go away on its own and requires medical treatment. In some cases, the doctor will advise cleaning the penial region regularly with lukewarm water and drying it gently. Apart from this, he might recommend the following treatments:

Medications: Your doctor might prescribe some ointments for phimosis. He may also prescribe some antibiotics, antibacterial creams if the phimosis occurs due to bacteria. The doctor may also ask you to apply a steroid cream to your foreskin several times a day for several weeks. This will help to loosen the skin.

Circumcision surgery: If the condition is severe, your doctor might recommend surgery. Partial or complete circumcision surgery is performed to treat phimosis. The surgery is done under general or local anesthesia.

Risks of Phimosis

In most cases, phimosis is treatable. However, it may also be an early indication of penile cancer. If left untreated, it can increase swelling and an increased risk of sexually transmitted infections. In extreme cases, it can also cause gangrene or eventually loss of your penis.

Recovery & Outlook

The long-term outlook for hydrocele is generally good. Phimosis is a serious condition that causes discomfort and pain in adults. However, it goes away on its own in most cases. Phimosis is treatable with suitable treatment options.

Last Update

Reviewed by Dr. (Col) Daresh Doddamani, Associate Director, Urology on 02-Feb-2022

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