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Neuromodulation

Neuromodulation Treatment in Delhi, India

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Overview

Neuromodulation is a treatment that directly acts upon the nerves. It is an alteration of nerve activity by sending electrical agents directly to the targeted area. It is a pain medicine that includes non-invasive, minimally invasive, or surgical electrical therapies.

Neuromodulation treatment is highly beneficial as it can treat multiple diseases and symptoms, from headache, tremors, spinal cord damage, or urinary incontinence. The treatment helps to re-establish the normal functioning of the nervous system. It is most commonly used for spinal cord stimulation to manage chronic pain.

Types of Neuromodulation

There are two types of neuromodulation techniques. They are:

  • Neurostimulation: Neurostimulation provides relief by blocking pen signals before they reach the brain. An electrode is inserted to deliver low-level electrical impulses to the spinal cord, brain or nerves. The device can be turned on and off using a remote control as needed.
  • Implanted drug pumps: A small pump is implanted to deliver medication directly to the spinal cord, where the pain signal travels. Small doses of medication are used, as the medication is directly delivered to the targeted nerve area. These pumps are effective in treating severe back pain, cancer pain, muscle spasticity, neuropathic pain, or postoperative pain.

When is surgery needed?

Neuromodulation treatment is generally needed if a patient doesn't benefit from non-surgical pain relief options. Physicians, neurologists, and pain management physicians may recommend neuromodulation to a patient if no other options are available.

Diagnosis of Neuromodulation

Neuromodulation is recommended for people who are diagnosed with:

  • Parkinson’s incontinence
  • Vision impairment
  • Epilepsy
  • Psychiatric disorders
  • Mobility issues
  • Gastrointestinal issues
  • Hearing impairment
  • Cardiovascular conditions

Treatment of Neuromodulation

Neuromodulation treatment works by actively stimulating the nerves to produce a biological response or directly applying pharmaceutical agents in small doses at the site.

Neuromodulation techniques that use electrical current are known as neurostimulation techniques. Neurostimulation devices are used on the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. The electrical current confuses the pain signals from a nerve and replaces them with a tingling sensation. Neurostimulation is always offered on a trial basis first; a person's experience is the relief they can have permanent implantation.

Before the procedure, local or general anaesthesia is given. After making an incision, an electrode is inserted in the required location. This electrode generates electrical agents that interrupt the pain transmission. This process is highly effective, quick, safe, and reversible.

Neurostimulation process

  • Spinal cord stimulation: In this procedure, local anaesthesia is given, an incision is made, and later, a small electrode is placed inside the epidural space adjacent to the spinal cord. The electrode delivers a stimulus to the affected body part. Patients can control the process through a simulator. This procedure successfully relieves the pain and is commonly used for abdominal and pelvic pain or any other chronic pain, nerve pain, or problems after spinal surgery.
  • Intra-spinal nerve root stimulation: In this procedure, the electrodes are placed near the nerve rootlets inside the spinal cord. This stimulation is used to treat focal abdominopelvic pain syndrome, such as inguinal hernia repair.
  • Sacral Nerve stimulation: In this simulation, electrodes are placed near the sacred nodes in the spinal foramina. This stimulation is used to treat different types of chronic pelvic pain. Pelvic pain syndromes, such as vulvodynia, proctalgia, and interstitial cystitis, can be effectively treated with sacral nerve stimulation.
  • Peripheral nerve stimulation: Peripheral nerves are located in the brain and spinal cord that make up the nervous system. In this simulation, an electrode is surgically placed near a peripheral nerve. Through the simulation, a weak electrical current is transmitted that inhibits the painful impulses from the nerve and relieves pain within that area. This stimulation is widely used to treat pain syndrome that cannot be treated with other stimulation procedures.
  • Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) stimulation: This stimulation is used to treat different types of pain. A dorsal road ganglion is a nerve cell cluster that communicates between the spinal cord, brain, and limbs. If this structure is damaged, it can cause chronic pain. DRG stimulation helps to disrupt the pain signal sent from the body to the brain. This procedure is useful as it relieves pain without medications or surgery.

Implanted drug pump:

  • After giving anaesthesia, an incision is made, and the drug pump is surgically implanted in the abdomen, along with a catheter that is placed inside or outside the spinal cord.
  • The pump is connected to the catheter.
  • The catheter carries pain medication from the drug pump to the nerves and spinal cord

After the insertion, the incision will be stitched and covered with bandages.

Who are the best candidates for surgery?

For people who are dealing with chronic pain and when no other treatment or medications work, the doctor may consider neuromodulation.

The best candidates for neuromodulation are people with:

  • Chronic pain in the back, arms, legs, or neck.
  • Complex regional pain syndrome.
  • Failed back surgery syndrome.
  • Chronic pelvic or testicular pain.
  • Postoperative pain.
  • Chronic neuropathic pain.

How do you prepare for surgery?

Follow the directions given by the doctor.

  • Do not consume food 12 hours before the surgery.
  • Do not drink or smoke.
  • Consult the doctor before taking any medications.

Possible Complications of Neuromodulation

Neuromodulation treatment can have negative side effects and complications.

It may cause:

  • Blood clots
  • Bleeding
  • Infection
  • Allergic reaction to medications
  • Infection due to intrathecal pump
  • Headache
  • Spinal fluid leak
  • Infection due to catheter

Taking care of yourself after surgery

  • Few patients may experience headaches, consult the neuromodulation doctor and take medications accordingly.
  • Keep the incidence site clean and dry, and change the dressing at regular intervals.
  • Use mild soap and shampoo.
  • Take enough rest and do not lift heavy objects.
  • Avoid strenuous physical activity.

Review

Reviewed by Dr. Sanjay Saxena, Senior Director & HOD, Neurosciences, Neurology.


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Max Healthcare is home to 5000 eminent doctors in the world, most of whom are pioneers in their respective fields. Additionally, they are renowned for developing innovative and revolutionary clinical procedures.

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